Testicular Torsion

Testicular torsion is a twisting of the testicle within the scrotum. If this happens, there is a venous occlusion, causing a lack of blood flow to the affected testicle. This constitutes an emergency due to infarction of the testicle. Males predominately have one testicle that sits slightly higher than the other, most of the time it is the left. Bell clapper deformity is an inappropriately higher attachment, making those who have it at an even higher risk of torsion.

Signs and Symptoms

• sudden onset of severe unilateral pain
• swelling
• abdominal pain
• nausea and vomiting 
• tender to the touch 
• palpation reveals a higher, possibly horizontal positioning of the testicle 

Management

• immediate urological evaluation 
• slower diagnosis rapidly decreases change of salvaging the testicle 
• a manual adjustment is possible, or surgical options are needed 

Prevention

• no real prevention 
• appropriate athletic supporter may help 
• knowledge of bell clapper deformity may lead to awareness of higher possibility